Free Lambda Light Chain Monoclonal Protein

Ife is also more sensitive than pel for detecting small abnormalities that may be present in diseases such as light chain multiple myeloma oligosecretory myeloma and plasmacytomas.

Free lambda light chain monoclonal protein.

The sflc assay can detect abnormal levels of free light chains which may be an indication of a plasma cell disorder. Serum free light chain testing provides complementary information to the two protein electrophoresis tests. It can also detect changes in the ratio of kappa and lambda light chain production which indicates an excess of abnormal plasma cells. Each light chain is composed of two tandem immunoglobulin domains.

High levels of igm suggest you may have waldenstrom s macroglobulinemia. A free light chains test measures the amount of lambda and kappa free light chains in the blood. This can be measured by the free light chain assay test on a blood specimen. In our series igg lambda was the most common monoclonal protein accompanied by excess free light chains.

If the amount of free light chains is higher or lower than normal it can mean you have a disorder of the plasma cells. Kappa k or lambda l light chain. Also called kappa and lambda light chains they link together with other proteins heavy chains to form immunoglobulins also known as antibodies that target and neutralize specific threats to the body such as bacteria and viruses. Ife characterizes the type of monoclonal protein gamma alpha mu delta or epsilon heavy chain.

This procedure tells you whether there is a monoclonal protein present. There are two types of light chains. The constant region determines what class kappa or lambda the light chain is. One constant c l domain.

One variable domain v l that is important for binding antigen. When myeloma progresses the myeloma cells start to produce more light chains than heavy chains. Igd myeloma is rare representing 1 of all myeloma cases. Antibodies are made up of two parts.

Heavy chains and light chains. The most common biclonal gammopathy was igg kappa igg lambda followed by igg kappa igm lambda. You also do this procedure using urine because sometimes myeloma cells will only make light chains which end up being peed out in the urine so if you only did a spep you would miss. The approximate length of a light chain protein is from 211 to 217 amino acids.

This is called a monoclonal protein also called m protein or m spike. Biclonal gammopathies have the same clinical findings as monoclonal gammopathies. There are two types of light chains called kappa and lambda. Lambda and kappa light chains.

This abnormal protein is formed within your bone marrow the soft blood producing tissue that fills in the center of most of your bones. The most common type of m protein in myeloma is igg.